Ultrasound-Assisted Melt Sonocrystallization: Innovations in Particle Engineering and Drug Solubility Enhancement

Abstract

Aqueous solubility, drug permeability, and dissolution rate are those factors that influence an oral bioavailability of drug. Poor solubility and inadequate permeability are the most prevalent reasons of low oral bioavailability. A poorly water-soluble medicine needs large dosages in order to achieve therapeutic plasma concentrations following oral delivery. In accordance with the Biopharmaceutics Classification System, class II pharmaceuticals go through a preventive process in which the drug is released from the dosage form and solubilizes in stomach fluid but is not absorbed; as a result, for BCS class II drugs, bioavailability rises as solubility increases. Greater the surface area higher is the rate of disintegration which further leads to enhancement in dissolution rate of the drug. As a result, several methods to increase drug bioavailability are being revealed. It has been shown that the majority of the newly identified chemical entities have poor water solubility, which reduces their medicinal effectiveness. Melt sonocrystallization is a more recent particle engineering technology that uses ultra sound energy to produce small particles of drug that aid to increase their bioavailability and water solubility.

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