Author(s)
Arundhati Singh, Pushparaj Tiwari
- ISSN (P): 3139-8464
- Manuscript ID: 141262
- Volume: 2
- Issue: 11
- Pages: 6–14
Subject Area: Environmental Science
Abstract
The transportation sector is one of the major contributors to environmental pollution and climate change in India, primarily due to the extensive use of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles. These vehicles emit significant amounts of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), along with harmful air pollutants like nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM2.5), which adversely affect air quality and public health.
This study aims to analyze the environmental impact of the transition from ICE vehicles to Electric Vehicles (EVs) in India. The research is based on a mixed-method approach, incorporating both primary data (survey-based analysis) and secondary data obtained from government reports and international agencies such as NITI Aayog, CPCB, and IEA. The results indicate that EVs have the potential to significantly reduce tailpipe emissions and improve urban air quality. However, the overall environmental benefits of EVs depend on factors such as the source of electricity generation and the environmental cost associated with battery manufacturing. While EVs may have higher emissions during the production phase, they tend to offset these emissions over their operational life cycle. The study concludes that the transition to Electric Vehicles can contribute substantially to environmental sustainability in India, provided it is supported by cleaner energy sources and effective battery management systems. Addressing challenges such as high initial costs, limited charging infrastructure, and public awareness is essential for accelerating EV adoption.